Romantic Love in William Shakespeares As You Like it and Twelfth Night

Romantic Love in William Shakespeares As You Like it and Twelfth NightThe fickleness of wild-eyed complete is a major(ip) theme in William Shakespeares comedies As You Like It and Twelfth Night, or What You Will. Shakespeares implicit social commentary takes the fundamentally masculine perspective of romantic relationships, which argues that a clear-cut dichotomy exists between love and physical attraction. According to evolutionary psychological theory, females often tend to automatically associate the emotion of love with physicality and the physical act of sex because an frantic bond with a mate is necessary in order to establish a secure family unit. Males, conversely, intellectually separate love from sexual desire because the essential masculine drive is to father as many offspring as possible, and to have strong emotional bonds with numerous mates is impracticable (Kenyon). By presenting women disguised as men who become the subject of other womens love at first s ight, Shakespeare argues that the womanish notion of a correlation between emotion and attraction is a fallacy worthy of comedic contempt. Amienss song from As You Like It sums up this argument. He sings, Most friendship is feigning, most loving, mere folly (As You Like It, II.vii.182). This is an ironic piece of verse, because it is sung in the forest by one of the attending lords of the banished duke. The commentator could interpret the duke and his entourage as being symbolic of Robin Hood and his merry men (Moncrief), yet one would find it difficult to imagine atomic John telling Robin Hood that his own friendship to Robin was feigning. Love at first sight is treated contemptuously in both(prenominal) As You Like It and Twelfth Night. In th... ...at they were physically attracted to Ganymede and Cesario, respectively. They were mistaken, however, when they attributed their attraction to the emotion of love. Love, in Shakespeares artistic portrayal of it, is a de ceptive, ethereal phenomenon false, fleeting, and unreliable. Works CitedKenyon, Paul. evolutionary Psychology. SALMON (Study and Learning Materials On-line). 4 Apr. 2000. Univ. of Plymouth Dept. of Psychology. 1 Nov. 2005. . Path PSY364 Evolutionary Psychology support materials Evolutionary Psychology.Moncrief, Kathryn M. Lectures on As You Like It. Oct. 2005. Washington College, William Smith Hall, populate 322.Shakespeare, William. As You Like It. Eds. Stanley Wells and Gary Taylor. Oxford Oxford UP, 1991.---. Twelfth Night, or What You Will. Eds. Stanley Wells and Gary Taylor. Oxford Oxford UP, 1991.

Position Paper 1 :: essays research papers

Quarter 1 Position paper 1The people who came to the States were only considered losers by the narrow minded thinking of European countries. The hardest cartridge clip during colonization was when the colonists stuck to the European ideas and were governed by the mother countries . American society had and continues to have the most success by using at that place own ideas and building an case-by-case society.The so called losers who moved to America were only losers by the narrow minded ideals of the old world countries. The pilgrims had to leave England or face arrest for following there religious beliefs they where considered outcasts in England not because what they were doing was wrong but because it was different. Puritans and Quakers also faced similar persecution for there beliefs. However religious reasons were not the only ones for moving to America some people left because of political unrest, many people left because of the autocratic rule of Charles I. later on Char les defeat many of his followers left to go to the new world. The people who left England and other countries to journey to the new world werent necessarily losers but still out casts of there societies. (An Outline of American History pp.1-2)The unrest and problems created during the colonial period were a result of the lack of English governing of the colonies even though there rule prevented the formation of topical anaesthetic governments. Although true power over the colonies laid in the hands of the English king and parliament they were to distracted to pay attention to what went on in the colonies going power in the hands of local men who were perceived to be powerful because of there social status. When England stepped in and tried to apply strict commerce to govern the colonies discontent grew and led to the revolution.(AR pp. 128-184)American prosperity grew from the abandonment of the old ideas and the beginning of a new country. The problems escalated until violence br oke out on April 19, 1775. After the Americans won the revolutionary war and severed ties with England the leaders of America began to build a new government.

The Chrysalids Joseph Strorm Character Sketch Essay -- essays research

Written by John Wyndham, The Chrysalids tells the reader about Joseph and his life, which revolves around religion. Joseph, as the reader learns, is an extremely religious, authoritive, and temper affable gentleman. As the story progresses, Josephs character traits begin to show more and more. Josephs character traits become more prominent, and Joseph begins to choose his religion over his family. Towards the ending of the novel we learn that Joseph is out to kill two of his children. Joseph is a man with many problems, which would get the best of him in the end.Living in Waknuk makes it extremely balmy to be controlled by your religion. Joseph was a very religious man towards his family and the community. In the community of Waknuk Joseph was considered the Head Priest of his religious group. Each time a diversionary attack was notified Joseph would quickly stop everything he was doing to pray for forgiveness. Stopping everything to pray for forgiveness is a big thing consider ing that the deviations were not his. This shows that he does not want divinity or his religion to look down on himself. Lastly, Joseph is always trying to do his best because he believes God is always testing them. He shows that he does not want to upset God in any way. All of these examples show how religious Joseph truly is. Joseph Strorm was a devoted and completely reliant man upon his religion.As being the leader in Waknuk, it ...

Ronald Takakis Hiroshima :: essays research papers

Although WW II ended over 50 years ago there is still much discussion as to the events which ended the War in the Pacific. The primary event which historians attribute to this end are the use of atomic bombs on the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Although the bombing of these cities did force the Japanese to surrender, many people today choose Was the use of the atomic bomb necessary to end the war? and more importantly Why was the decision to use the bomb made? Ronald Takaki examines these questions in his reserve Hiroshima.The official reason given for dropping the bomb was to bring a quick end to tht war and save American lives. However, Takaki presents many different explanations as to why the decision to use the bomb was made. He disagrees with the popular belief that the decision to use the bomb was made solely to quickly end the war in the Pacific and to save American lives. Takaki presents theories such as international concerns, American sentiment, and racism in an att empt to more fully explain why this decision was made. The United States entered WW II immediately following the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. The U.S. entry was a major turning point in the war because it brought the strongest industrial strength to the Allied side. The Americans helped the Allies to win the war in Europe with the surrender of Germany on may 7, 1945. However, the war in the Pacific continued. The war with Japan at this point consisted primarily of strategic bombings. America had recently completed an atomic bomb and was considering development this weapon of mass destruction for the first time. The goal was to force the unconditional surrender of the Japanese. Roosevelt had used the term unconditional surrender in a touch conference in 1943 and it had since become a central war aim. Truman and his staff (still feeling bound by FDRs words) demanded unconditional surrender from the Japanese. Consequently on July 26, 1945 Truman issued an ul timatum to Japan. This ultimatum stated that Japan must accept unconditional surrender or suffer utter devastation of the Japanese Homeland. This surrender included stepping down of the throne by their emperor. Japan was not willing to surrender their dynasty and ignored the ultimatum. On August 6th and August 9th, atomic bombs were dropped on the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki respectively.

Thin is Beautiful Essay -- Beauty and the Media

How many times have you looked in a magazine and envied the models pictured? Have you ever watched a TV doom or a movie and wished you looked like one of the stars? Many teenage girls are often targeted by magazines, movies, and TV and are made to believe that load is beautiful. The media has negatively affected teenage girls self-image. From sit-coms to magazines, thin, beautiful girls can be spotted, and this can cause a girl to shade that she is not thin nice to be accepted by society. Many shows on TV can cause a teenage girls self-image to be a real negative one that she is too fat. Sit-coms are examples of this. On the hit TV show Friends, there are three thin, beautiful girls starring in it, who stick out skimpy, stylish clothes, have beautiful hair, and always look gorgeous. In a few episodes, there are flashbacks to when Monica, one of the characters on the show, was in high drill and was a little bit overweight. Monicas friends on the show make fun of her because she was much heavier than she currently is. Surely, any girl who is slightly heavier will feel negative about her image because the popular and cool characters on the show are making fun of her weight. Most any other sit-com has the same gorgeous style of women. On Will & Grace for example, the star playing Grace has a beautiful slim body and flaunts it from time to time. On Dharma and Greg, the star in like manner has a thin body and wears smaller clothes as well. Search mostly any sit-com and surely,...

Thin is Beautiful Essay -- Beauty and the Media

How many times have you looked in a magazine and envied the models visualise? Have you ever watched a TV show or a movie and wished you looked like one of the stars? Many jejune girls argon often targeted by magazines, movies, and TV and atomic number 18 made to believe that thin is beautiful. The media has negatively affected teenage girls self-image. From sit-coms to magazines, thin, beautiful girls can be spotted, and this can cause a girl to feel that she is not thin enough to be accepted by society. Many shows on TV can cause a teenage girls self-image to be a very negative one that she is too fat. Sit-coms are examples of this. On the hit TV show Friends, there are three thin, beautiful girls starring in it, who wear skimpy, stylish clothes, have beautiful hair, and always look gorgeous. In a few episodes, there are flashbacks to when Monica, one of the characters on the show, was in high school and was a little bit overweight. Monicas friends on the show make athletics of her because she was much heavier than she shortly is. Surely, any girl who is slightly heavier will feel negative about her image because the popular and cool characters on the show are making fun of her weight. Most any other sit-com has the same gorgeous style of women. On Will & Grace for example, the star playing Grace has a beautiful abridge body and flaunts it from time to time. On Dharma and Greg, the star also has a thin body and wears smaller clothes as well. Search mostly any sit-com and surely,...

The Return: Shadow Souls Chapter 32

Elena was radiantly happy. She had g adept to sleep happy, completely to wake up again happy, serene in the noesis that soon soon she would visit Stefan, and that after that surely very soon she would be able to take Stefan a centering.Bonnie and Meredith werent surprised when she wanted to see Damon nearly devil things one universe who should go and two being what she was going to wear. What did surprise them were her choices.If its entirely right, she utter slowly at the beginning, tracing a sense round and round on the outsized table in one of the parlors as everyone gat hered the next morning, I would like for sightly a somewhat raft to go with me. Stefans been badly hardened, she went on, and he hates to research bad in front of other people. I dont want to humiliate him.There was sort of a group blush at this. Or maybe it was a group flush of resentment and then a group blush of culpability. With the western windows about open, so that an early-morning red light fell over everything, it was hard to tell. Only one thing was certain everyone wanted to go.So I hope, Elena said, turning to look Meredith and Bonnie in the eye, that none of you are hurt if I dont choose you to come with me.That tells both of them theyre out, Elena thought as she saw understanding blossom in both depends. Most of her plans depended on how her two best friends reacted to this.Meredith g solelyantly stepped up to bat rootage. Elena, youve been through hell literally and almost died doing it to discover to Stefan. You take with you the people who give do the most good.We realize it isnt a popularity contest, Bonnie added, swallowing, because she was trying not to cry. She genuinely wants to go, Elena thought, but she understands. Stefan may feel more embarrassed in front of a girl than a boy, Bonnie said. And she didnt even add even though we would never do anything to embarrass him, Elena thought, going around for a hug and feeling Bonnies soft littl e birdlike body in her arms. Then she dour and mat up Merediths warm and slim hard arms, and as always felt some of her tension drain away.Thank you, she said, wiping tears from her eyes afterward. And youre right, I think it would be harder to face girls than boys in the situation hes in. Also it will be harder to face friends he already knows and loves. So I would like to ask these people to go with me Sage, Damon, and Dr. Meggar.Lakshmi leaped up as interested as if she had been chosen. Wheres he in jail? she asked, instead cheerfully.Damon spoke up. The Shi no Shi.Lakshmis eyes became round. She stared at Damon for a moment, and then she was bounding out the door, her shaken voice floating tin can her Ive got chores to do, masterElena glum to look directly at Damon. And what was that little reaction? she asked in a voice that would have frozen lava at thirty meters.I dont know. Truly, I dont. Shinichi showed me kanji characters and said that they were pronounced Shi no Shi and they meant the Death of Death as in lifting the curse of death from a vampire.Sage coughed. Oh, my trusting little one. Mon cher idiot. To not get a blurb opinionI did, actually. I asked a middle-aged Japanese lady at a library if the romaji thats the Japanese words written out in our letters, meant the Death of Death. And she said yes.And you turned on your heel and walked out, Sage said.How do you know? Damon was getting angry.Because, mon cher, those words mean many things. It all depends upon the Japanese characters scratch line used which you did not show her.I didnt have them Shinichi wrote it in the air for me, in red smoke. Then in a kind of angry badgering What other things do they mean?Well, they can mean what you said. They also could mean the new death. Or the true death. Or even The beau ideals of Death. And given the way Stefan has been treatedIf stares had been stakes, Damon would have been a goner by now. Everyone was looking at him with hard, accusing eye s. He turned like a wolf at bay and uncover his teeth at them in a 250-kilowatt smile. In any case, I didnt imagine it was anything remarkably pleasant, he said. I just thought it would help him to get rid of the curse of being a vampire.In any case, Elena repeated. Then she said, Sage, if you would go and make sure that theyll let us in when we arrive, I would be enormously grateful.As good as done, Madame.And let me see I want everyone to wear something a little different to go visit him. If its all right Ill go talk to Lady Ulma.She could feel Bonnies and Merediths bewildered looks on her back as she left.Lady Ulma was pale, but bright of eye when Elena was escorted into her room. Her sketchbook was open, a good sign.It took only a few words and a detecttfelt look forwards Lady Ulma said firmly, We can have everything done in an hour or two. Its just a matter of calling the right people. I promise.Elena squeezed her wrist very, very gently. Thank you. Thank you miracle wor kerAnd so I am to go as a penitent, Damon said. He was right out locating Lady Ulmas door when Elena came out and Elena suspected him of some eavesdropping.No, that never even occurred to me, she said. I just think that slaves clothing on you and the other guys will make Stefan less self-conscious. still why should you think I wanted to punish you?Dont you?Youre here to help me save Stefan. Youve gone through Elena had to stop and look in her sleeves for a clean handkerchief, until Damon offered her a black silk one.All right, he said, we wont get into that. Im sorry. I think of things to say and then I just say them, no matter how unlikely I think they are, considering the person Im speaking to.And dont you ever hear another little voice? A voice that says that people can be good, and may not be trying to hurt you? Elena asked wistfully, wondering how make full with chains the child was now.I dont know. Maybe. Sometimes. besides, as that voice is generally wrong in this wicked world, why should I pay it any attention?I wish sometimes you would just try, Elena whispered. I capacity be in a better position to argue with you, then.I like this position just fine, Damon told her telepathically and Elena realized how did this happen over and over? that they had melted into an embrace. Worse, she was wearing her morning attire a commodious silky gown and a peignoir of the same(p) material, both in the palest of pearly blues, which turned violet in the rays of the ever-setting sun.I like it too, Elena admitted, and felt shockwaves go through Damon from his surface, through his body, and deep, deep into that unfathomable reparation that one could see by looking into his eyes.Im just trying to be honest, she added, almost frightened by his reaction. I cant expect anyone else to be honest if Im not.Dont be honest, dont be honest. Hate me. Despise me, Damon begged her, at the same time caressing her arms and the two layers of silk that were all that stood bet ween his hands and her skin.But why?Because I cant be trusted. Im a wicked wolf, and youre a pure soul, a snow-white newborn lamb. You mustnt let me hurt you.Why should you hurt me?Because I might no, I dont want to bite you I only want to kiss you, just a little, like this. There was revelation in Damons mind-voice. And he did kiss so sweetly, and he always knew when Elenas knees were going to give out and picked her up before she could fall on the floor.Damon, Damon, she was thinking, feeling very sweet herself because she knew she was giving him pleasure, when she suddenly realized.Oh Damon, occupy let me go I have to go have a fitting right nowDeeply flushed, he slowly, reluctantly put her mess, grabbed her before she could fall, and put her down again.I think I shall have to go have a fit right now as well, he told her gravely as he stumbled out of the room, missing the door the first time.Not a fit a fitting Elena called after him, but she never knew if he had heard. Sh e was pleased, though, that he had let her go, without really understanding anything except that she was saying no. That was quite a bit of improvement.Then she hurried in to Lady Ulmas room, which was fill with all sorts of people, including two male models, who had just been garbed in trousers and long shirts.Sages clothes, said Lady Ulma, nodding at the large one, and Damons. She nodded at the smaller man.Oh, theyre meliorateLady Ulma looked at her with just the slightest doubt in her eyes. These are made of genuine sacking, she said. The meanest, lowest cloth in the slave hierarchy. Are you sure they will wear them?Theyre wearing them or they arent going at all, Elena said flatly and winked.Lady Ulma laughed. Good plan.Yes but what do you think of my other plan? Elena asked, unfeignedly interested in Lady Ulmas opinion, even while she blushed.My dear benefactress, Lady Ulma said. I used to watch my mother put together such outfitsafter I had turned thirteen, of course and sh e told me that they always made her happy, for she was bringing joy to two at once, and that the purpose was nothing but joy. I promise you, Lucen and I will be done in no time. Now, should you not be getting ready?Oh, yes oh, I do love you, Lady Ulma Its so rummy that the more people you love, the more you want to love And with that Elena went running back to her own rooms.Her maids-in-waiting were all there and all ready. Elena took the quickest, briskest bath of her life she was keyed up and found herself on a couch in the middle of a smiling, keen-eyed bunch, each neatly doing her job without interfering with the others. There was a depilatory, of course in fact one for each leg, one for her armpits, and one for her eyebrows. While these women and the women with soft creams and unguents were at work, creating a unique fragrance for Elena, another one thoughtfully considered her face and body as a whole.This woman touched up Elenas eyebrows to darken them, and gilded Elenas eyelids with metallic cosmetic paint before using something that added at to the lowest degree a quarter-inch to Elenas eyelashes. Then she extended Elenas eyes with exotic horizontal lines of kohl. Finally, she carefully made Elenas lips a rich glossy red that somehow gave the impression that they were continually puckered for a kiss. After this the woman sprinkled the faintest of iridescence all over Elenas body. Finally, a very large sneak diamond that had been sent up from Lucens jewelry remove was firmly cemented into her navel.It was while the hairdressers were seeing to the last of the little curls on her forehead that the two boxes and a scarlet cape came from Lady Ulmas women. Elena thanked all her ladies-in-waiting and beauticians sincerely, paid them all a bonus that had them twittering, and then asked them to leave her alone. When they dithered, she asked them again, just as politely, but in louder tones. They went.Elenas hands were trembling as she took out the outfi t Lady Ulma had created. It was quite as decent as a bathing suit, but it looked like jewelry strategically placed on wisps of golden tulle. It all coordinated with the canary diamond from the necklace to the armlets to the golden bracelets that denoted that, however expensively Elena was dressed, she was simmer down a slave.And that was it. She was going clad in tulle and jewelry, perfume and paint, to see her Stefan. Elena put the scarlet cloak on very, very carefully to avoid rumpling or smearing anything below, and slipped her feet into delicate golden sandals with very high heels.She hurried downstairs and was exactly on time. Sage and Damon were wearing cloaks tightly closed which meant that they were dressed in the sacking outfits underneath. Sage had had Lady Ulmas coach made ready. Elena settled her matching golden bracelets on her wrists, hating them because she had to wear them, pretty as they were against the white fur trim on her scarlet cloak. Damon held out a hand t o help her into the coach.I get to ride inside? Does that mean I dont have to wear But looking at Sage, her hopes were crushed.Unless we want to curtain all the windows, he said, youre legally traveling outside without slave bracelets.Elena sighed and gave her hand to Damon. stand against the sun, he was a dark silhouette. But then, as Elena blinked in the light, he stared in astonishment. Elena knew hed seen her gilded eyelids. His eyes dropped to her pursed-to-be-kissed lips. Elena blushed.I forbid you to order me to show you whats under the cloak, she said hastily. Damon looked thwarted.Hair in tiny curls all over your forehead, cloak that covers everything from neck to toes, lipstick like He stared again. His mouth twitched as if he were being compelled to fit it to hers.And its time to go Elena caroled, hastily getting into the carriage. She felt very happy, although she understood why freed slaves would never wear anything like a bracelet again.She was still happy when they reached the Shi no Shi that large building that seemed to combine a prison with a training facility for gladiators.And she was still happy as the guards at the large Shi no Shi checkpoint let them into the building without showing any signs of ill feeling. But then, it was hard to say if the cloak had any effect on them. They were demons sullen, mauve-skinned, bullock-steady.She noticed something that was at first a shock and then a river of hope inside her. The front lobby of the building had a door in one side that was like the door in the side of the depot/slaveshop always kept shut strange symbols above people walking up to it in different costumes and announcing a destination before turning the key and opening the door.In other words a dimensional door. Right here in Stefans prison. God alone knew how many guards would be after them if they tried to use it, but it was something to keep in mind.The guards on the lower floors of the Shi no Shi building, in what was most emphat ically a dungeon, had clear and obnoxious reactions to Elena and her party. They were some smaller species of demon imps, maybe, Elena thought and they gave the visitors a hard time over everything. Damon had to bribe them to be allowed in to the orbit where Stefans kiosk was, to go in alone, without one guard per visitor, and to allow Elena, a slave, to go in to see a free vampire.And even when Damon had given them a small fortune to get past these obstacles, they sniggered and made harsh guttural gurglings in their throats. Elena didnt trust them.She was correct.At a corridor where Elena knew from her out of body experiences they should have turned left, instead they went straight through. They passed another set of guards, who almost collapsed from sniggering.Oh God are they taking us to see Stefans dead body? Elena wondered suddenly. Then it was Sage who really helped her. He put out a large arm and bodily held her up, until she found her legs again.They went on walking, d eeper into what was a filthy and stinking stone-floored dungeon now. Then abruptly they turned right.Elenas heart raced on before them. It was saying wrong, wrong, wrong, even before they got to the last cell in the line. The cell was completely different from Stefans old cell. It was surrounded, not by bars, but by a sort of curlicued chicken wire that was lined with sharp spikes. No way to hand in a bottle of Black Magic. No way to get the bottle top in position to pour into a waiting mouth on the other side. No room, even, to get a finger or the mouth of a canteen through for the cellmate to suck. And the cell itself wasnt filthy, but it was bare of everything except a supine Stefan. No food, no water, no bed to hide anything in, no straw. Just Stefan.Elena screamed and had no idea if she screamed words or just a formless sound of anguish. She threw herself into the cell or tried to. Her hands grabbed onto curls of steel as sharp as razor that caused blood to well up instantly wherever they touched, and then Damon, who had the double-quick reactions, was pulling her back.And then he just pushed past her and stared. He stared open-mouthed at his younger brother a gray-faced, skeletal, barely breathing young man, who looked like a child lost in his rumpled, stained, threadbare prison uniform. Damon raised a hand, as if hed forgotten the barrier already and Stefan flinched. Stefan seemed not to know or neck any of them. He peered more closely at the drops of blood left on the razor-sharp fencing where Elena had grasped it, sniffed, and then, as if something had penetrated the fog of his bafflement, looked around dully. Stefan looked up at Damon, whose cloak had fallen, and then, like a babys, Stefans gaze wandered on.Damon made a choking sound and turned and, knocking anyone in his way aside, ran the other way down the corner. If he was hoping that enough guards would follow him that his allies could get Stefan out, he was wrong. A few followed, like mo nkeys, calling out insults. The rest stayed put, behind Sage.Meanwhile, Elenas mind was roily and churning out plans. Finally she turned to Sage. Use all the money we have plus this, she said, and she reached under her cloak for her canary diamond necklace over two dozen thumb-sized gems and call to me if we destiny more. Get me half an hour with him. Twenty minutes, then as Sage began to shake his head. Stall them, somehow get me at least twenty minutes. Ill think of something if it kills me.After a moment Sage looked her in the eyes and nodded. I will.Then Elena looked at Dr. Meggar pleadingly. Did he have something did something subsist that would help?Dr. Meggars eyebrows went down, then their inner sides went up. It was a look of grief, of despair. But then he frowned and whispered, Theres something new an injection thats said to help in dire cases. I could try it.Elena did her best not to fall at his feet. Please Please try it PleaseIt wont help beyond a couple of days It wont need to Well get him out by thenAll right. Sage had by now herded all the guards away, saying, Im a dealer in gems and theres something you all should see.Dr. Meggar opened his smasher and took out of it a spray. Wooden needle, he said with a wan smile as he filled it with a clear red crystalline from a vial. Elena had taken another syringe and she examined it eagerly as Dr. Meggar coaxed Stefan by imitation to put his arm up to the bars. At last Stefan did as Dr. Meggar wished only to jump away with a cry of pain as a syringe was plunged into his arm and stinging liquid injected.Elena looked at the doctor desperately. How much did he get?Only about half. Its all right I filled it with twice the dose and pushed as hard as I could to get the some medical word Elena didnt recognize into him. I knew it would hurt him more, injecting that fast, but I accomplished what I wanted.Good, Elena said rapturously. Now I want you to fill this syringe with my blood.Blood? Dr. Meg gar looked dismayed.Yes The syringe is long enough to go through the bars. The blood will drip out the other side. He can drink it as it comes out. It might save him Elena said every word carefully, as if speaking to a child. She desperately wanted to convey her meaning.Oh, Elena. The doctor sat down, with a clink, and took a hidden bottle of Black Magic out of his tunic. Im so sorry. But its hard enough for me to get blood out of a vial. My eyes, child theyre ruined.But glasses spectacles ?Theyre no good to me anymore. Its a complicated condition. But you have to be very good to actually tap a nervure in any case. Most doctors are pretty hopeless Im impossible. Im sorry, child. But its been twenty years since I was successful.Then Ill find Damon and have him open my aorta. I dont care if it kills me.But I do.This new voice coming from the brilliantly lighted cell in front of them made both the doctor and Elena thumb their heads up.Stefan Stefan Stefan Uncaring of what the razo r fence would do to her flesh, Elena leaned over to try to hold his hands.No, Stefan whispered, as if sharing a precious secret. Put your fingers here and here on top of mine. This fence is only specially treated steel it numbs my Power but it cant break my skin.Elena put her fingers there and there. And then she was jot Stefan. Really touching him. After so long.Neither of them spoke. Elena heard Dr. Meggar get up and quietly creep away to Sage, she supposed. But her mind was full of Stefan. She and he simply looked at each other, trembling, with tears quivering on their lashes, feeling very young.And very close to death.You say I always make you say it first, so Ill dishearten you. I love you, Elena.Teardrops fell from Elenas eyes.Just this morning I was thinking how many people there are to love. But really its only because theres one in the first place, she whispered back to him. One forever. I love you, Stefan I love youElena drew back for a moment and wiped her eyes the wa y all clever girls know how to do without ruining their makeup by putting her thumbs beneath her lower lashes and leaning backward, scooping tears and kohl into infinitesimal droplets in the air.For the first time she could think.Stefan, she whispered, Im so sorry. I wasted time this morning getting dressed up well, dressed down to show you whats waiting for you when we get you out. But nowI feellikeNow there were no tears in Stefans eyes, either. Show me, he whispered back eagerly.Elena stood, and without theatrics, shrugged the cloak off. close up her eyes, her hair in hundreds of kiss curls, little wispy spirals that were plastered around her face. Her gilded eyelids, waterproof, still gilded. Her only clothing the wisps of golden tulle with jewels attached to make it decent. Her entire body iridescent, perfection in the first bloom of youth that could never be matched or re-created.There was a sound like a long sighand then silence, and Elena opened her eyes, terrified that S tefan might have died. But he was standing up, clutching at the iron gate as if he might wrench it off to get to her.I get all this? he whispered. All this for you. Everything for you, Elena said. At that moment there was a soft sound behind her and she whirled to see two eyes shining in the dimness of the cell opposite Stefans.

Conflict Resolution and Mediation Essay

be differences in opinions which inevitably lead to disagreements. encroach exists in families, in the workplace, in churches and schools, in sports, between neighbors and between countries. Conflict is specify as an expressed struggle between at least dickens interdependent parties who perceive incompatible goals, s political machinece resources, and interference from former(a)s in achieving their goals. (Wilmot and Hocker, 2001, p. 11). When there be differences in individual nurtures, motivations, ideas and perceptions, negates arise. How individuals deal with involvement depends on personal history, family background and separate influences over ones lifetime. Gender as well as culture influence behavior and perceptions and play an important role in remainder resolution. Traditionally, conflict has been viewed as a destructive force which was lift out handled by avoiding, ignoring, or silencing it. There is a growing body of belles-lettres on the benefits of effective conflict management.Healthy conflict is now viewed as a obligatory ingredient in organizational success. The competency to deal effectively with conflict is precise to creating productive relationships. Although most people continue to view conflict negatively, it is a necessary ingredient to creativity and results in healthier relationships. There atomic number 18 two kinds of conflict, constructive and destructive. Constructive conflict should be encouraged because it leads to creative persuasion and growth. It results in high performing organizations and to enhanced relationships. Destructive conflict should be eliminated or dealt with immediately. It is costly and does not promote positive personal or organizational development. Communication is a key ingredient in conflict resolution. There are various tools available to calve conflict. They imply effectual remedies, arbitration as well as mediation. Conflict resolution skills are learned and when applied, result in im proved relationships. Defining ConflictThere is an element of conflict in almost all relationships. Conflict has also been defined as a social line in which two or more persons, families, parties, communities, or districts are in disagreement with each other ( Dzurgba, 2006). It occurs on an intrapersonal as well as an social level. If left unmanaged, conflict rat lead to hostility, anger, alienation, war, inefficiency, expensive mistakes, legal battles as well as physical violence. There are five main conflict resolution stylesthat individuals use depending on the situation. They areAvoiding the Conflict By avoiding the conflict, one or more parties pretend there is no problem. Some examples of avoiding include pretending nothing is wrong, shutting down or stonewalling. Accommodating one party agrees to accommodate the others request usually for the sake of keeping the peace. This can lead to resentment. Competitive One party stands his/her ground and competes to good a win . In the short run, one party wins, merely can lead to serious issues long term. Compromising Both parties willingly enter into a negotiation where each gets something out of the other, but neither gets everything they want. Usually the parties negotiate on the larger issues where they have common ground and permit go of kidskin issues. Collaboration Both parties enter into meaningful negotiations towards a win-win solution. This style takes the most courage and involves listening to the other party and thinking creatively to resolve the problem without compromising. This is the most successful and admired and respected style.Conflict dissolverConflict resolution and mediation leads to the reduction of the conflict. Effectively addressing conflict leads to an improvement of relationships and to greater organizational and personal effectiveness. Conflict resolution entails managing stress, managing anger and managing face. When managed well, conflict can be a catalyst for innov ation and creativity, leading to organizational learning. Conflict provides an opportunity for the best ideas to be shared to improve a situation or a process. Left unmanaged, conflict can have expensive legal consequences as others search litigation to resolve the conflict. In organizations, it can lead to employee dissatisfaction, expensive turnover, decreased productivity and expensive errors. In families, unmanaged conflict can lead to violence, family dysfunction and divorce.Types of ConflictThere are five types of conflicts, namely relationship, data, interest, structural and value. Relationship ConflictsRelationship conflicts are personal and result from misperceptions,miscommunication, stereotypes, negative behavior and rumors. It affects the relationship between two people, but can impact others within the team. Work environments consist of employees from diverse backgrounds with very different value systems. There are cultural, gender and generational differences which s um to relationship conflicts. As a result, miscommunication occurs because of differences in meaning, norms of communication and behavioral expectations. What is perceived as an ordinary conversation in one culture may be considered rude and intrusive by another culture. Spouses often have relationship conflicts that lead to divorce if unresolved.Data ConflictsData conflicts often occur when two or more individuals are interpreting data differently. This can lead to wrong decisions, but can also lead to major disagreements. The budget conflicts which have let to the sequestration are an example of data conflicts. The Republicans and the democrats are interpreting the budget numbers differently and coming to very different conclusions regarding what the numbers mean. As a result, they cannot agree on a budget.Interest ConflictsInterest conflicts occur when one person is trying to take advantage of another person. This may happen if an employee starts a company that provides the same services as his/her employer. Interest conflicts occur when the boss is dating an employee because that may introduce favoritism and may negatively impact other employees.Structural ConflictsA structural conflict is created by the organization. It is not subjective and is not created by peoples viewpoints or perceptions, but rather by limited resources or changes that the people involved have very subaltern harbor over. An example of a structural conflict is a company that has customers crossways the world, but only has a customer service center in Ohio. The sales force would homogeneous to have all customers served promptly regardless of location, but the service center has regular hours. The company eitherhas to create 24 hour shifts to accommodate its customers or open centers in other countries. nurture ConflictsValue conflicts are differences in personal beliefs, preferences or priorities. This occurs between two people or within groups of people. Cultural differences usua l result in different value systems which can lead to conflict. Examples of value conflicts in interpersonal relations can be a person who likes meat verses someone who is vegetarian, or, a liberal Democrat verses a conservative Republican. Each individual develops a value system based on culture, personality and the society they grow up in. There is no right or wrong in value systems, just a difference in opinion. Value conflicts are subjective because they are based on how people feel about each other or the situation. They are very difficult to effectively resolve.Intrapersonal and Interpersonal PowerPower plays a critical role in interpersonal and intrapersonal conflicts and enmitys. There are many forms of power. The role of power in a conflict intensifies as the proportion of power shifts. In the work environment, the power imbalance often exacerbates a conflict and often leads to resentment or anger. Power imbalance changes the communication styles used by the parties in a conflict. In conflict or dispute, one or more types of power may be used by the parties in the attempt to resolve the conflict. People in a high power position may not use their power to influence a decision out of guilt. In a conflict, one party usually possesses more power than the other. Real or perceived power imbalances make it difficult to resolve a conflict to everyones satisfaction. Power can be structural or personal. The extent to which one party can impose their will on another affects how the dispute is resolved. Power currency depends on the value placed on crabby resources by the other party in the relationship. If one has what others need, they are in a powerful position and have more power currency. As needs change, the power currency may be more of less valuable. Just like actual currency, the value of the currency fluctuates and is situational. Interpersonal power currencies are1. Resource control Often associated with a position within an organization and can inc lude financial, information, equipment and rules and regulations. When a citizen visits the social security confidence to get disability benefits, the government holds the power for the decision to approve or not approve the benefits. The citizen has very little power and the government has the resources. 2. Interpersonal linkages This is associated with someones position in the larger system. This is highly dependent on who you know and the relationships one has to make things happen. The writing table of State is in a position to resolve the Mid-east conflict based on the interpersonal linkages he/she has with twain Israel and Egypt. 3. Communication skills Listening skills, leadership skills and the ability to effectively communicate is a power currency. Preachers have the ability to communicate a message to their congregation and get them to rally around a particular issue.They are often called upon to mediate disputes because of their ability to listen, be empathetic to both parties and effectively communicate both viewpoints and negotiate a resolution. 4. Expertise skills When one has a special skill or knowledge that others find valuable, he is in a position of influence. A pilot, a surgeon or a car mechanic all possess special skills that put them in power positions during certain disputes. Power imbalances disproportionally benefit the powerful party. Power generally falls into triad categories, designated power, distributive power and integrative power. Designated power is often referred to as positional power and is as a result of a position or office held. A parent, manager, teacher or policeman has power that comes from their position. Distributive power is the power over or against the other party (Wilmot & Hocker, 2001, p. 103). Integrative or both/and power comes from two parties working together to achieve a mutually beneficial goal. This power differential has a significant impact on the burden and the process to resolve the conflict. Whe n applied appropriately constructive use of power solves problems, enhances relationships, and balances power (Wilmot & Hocker, 2011, p. 103). clemency and ReconciliationThere is a growing body of literature on mercy and reconciliation. Disparate field such as social and developmental psychology, anthropology,political sciences, religion and legal studies have all been conducting research on forgiveness and reconciliation. There are many definitions of forgiveness. Forgiveness and reconciliation often follow other efforts to resolve a conflict and heal the relationship. As such, forgiveness is highly personal and emotional. Kornfield defined it as follows Forgiveness is the hearts capacity to release its grasp on the pains of the past and free itself to go on (Kornfield, 2001, p.236). As shown in skeleton 1, there is a flow of events that lead to reconciliation.The Forgiveness & Reconciliation Cycle for Effective Conflict ResolutionFigure 1Forgiveness is a key ingredient essential for reconciliation and conflict resolution. It is recognized in religion and social science literature as an important element in healing conflicts. For healing to occur and normal trusting relationships to be formed, both sides need to stop blaming each other and represent past the conflict. An apology is a catalyst and a key ingredient leading to forgiveness and reconciliation, and ultimately to conflict resolution. While conflict resolution is center on resolving substantive issues in a dispute, reconciliation focuses on addressing personal and relational issues and restoring relationships. William Faulkner was quoted by journalist Bill Moyers as saying Forgiveness is giving up the idea of a better past (Wilmot and Hocker, 2011, p. 297). Forgiveness is concerned with healing the hurt, disappointments and sins of the past, and improving relationships in the future.Mediation and Organizational Conflict ResolutionA mediator is defined as a neutral third party who has no decision- making power regarding the outcome of the mediation (Abigail & Cahn, 2011, p. 197). The advantages of mediation are 1. hail Mediation is lots less expensive than the alternative of either having the situation go unresolved or resolve legally 2. Flexibility Mediation can be conducted anywhere as long as it is neutral ground. 3. Informal It can be adapted to accommodate cultural, personal, structural and other differences. 4. Effectiveness arbitrate solutions tend to last because the parties come to a mutually agreed solution. 5. Preserves Relationships Parties tend to have stronger long term relationships because they feel they were heard and have the others commitment. Effective organizations have mediation as part of the conflict resolution process. This is an effective way to resolve conflicts while both parties maintain control and ownership of the issues.ConclusionEffective conflict resolution is important to building productive relationships. The importance of conflict re solution has been reinforced by the disparate fields focused on studying the subject. Organizations must provide the right structure for effective conflict resolution to be effective. Effective conflict resolution requires a health balance of power and promotes a health organizational culture. When all stakeholders have a voice, decision making is enhanced, engagement improves, and innovation increases. Maintaining a balance of power should be a high priority for any organization to be competitive and reach maximum productivity. Diversity is a consideration when creating conflict resolution processes. Gender, ethnicity and culture have to be considered to create an effective process. Although power is complex and maintaining a balance of power is fraught with difficulty, process design, effective communication, and a culture that encourages open dialogue will ensure that all parties effectively negotiate in their own interest to bring about fair outcomes.Archbishop Desmond tutu who chaired the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) said that there can be no future without forgiveness. Forgiveness is an intrapersonal as well as an interpersonal activity. Forgiving someone can be done with or without the other persons consent, making it a relatively easy process intrapersonal. It is much more complicated interpersonally since it requires another party to either apologize, or accept an apology and forgive. As research is finding, Apology and forgiveness have the potential to encourage reconciliation and encourage peaceful coexistence among groups and nations (Asby et al, 2010, p. 25). Conflict should be treated as an essential ingredient for healthy relationships both at home and at work. In health care organizations such as MaineGeneral Health, empowering employees with skills to handle conflict was critical to creating a culturewhere employees felt comfortable oration up (Bullock, 2011, p. 82). By speaking up, the hospital was able to avoid medical errors .ReferencesAbigail, R. A.., & Cahn, D. D. (2011). Managing conflict through communication. 4th Ed. Boston Allyn and Bacon. ISBN 9780205685561 Ashy, M., Mercurio, A. E., & Malley-Morrison, K. (2010, March). Apology, forgiveness, and reconciliation An ecological world view. Individual Differences Research 8 (1), 17-26 http//proxy1.ncu.edu/login?universal resource locator=http//search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2010-05622-003&site=ehost-live Bullock, S. (2011, July/August). Empowering staff with communication. Healthcare Executive 26 (4), 80-82 http//search.proquest.com.proxy1.ncu.edu/docview/875635837?accountid=28180 Chetkow-Yanoov, B. (1997). Social work approaches to conflict resolution Making fighting obsolete. Binghampton, NY Haworth. Deutsch, M., & Coleman, P. T. (Eds). (2006). handbook of conflict resolution (2nd ed.). San Francisco Jossey-Bass. Dingwall, R., & Miller, G. (2002). Lessons from brief therapy? Some interactional suggestions for family mediator s. Conflict Resolution Quarterly, 19, 269-287. Dubler, N. N., & Liebman, C. B. (2004). Bioethics mediation A guide to shaping shared solutions. New York United infirmary Fund. Eddy, W. A. (2003). High conflict personalities Understanding and resolving their costly disputes. San Diego, CA William A. Eddy. Eller, J. (2004). Effective group facilitation in education How to energize meetings and manage difficult groups. Thousand Oaks, CA Sage. Lee, J. (2010, July). Perceived power imbalance and customer dissatisfaction. Service Industries Journal doi10.1080/02642060802298384 30 (7), 1113-1137 http//www.tandfonline.com.proxy1.ncu.edu/doi/abs/10.1080/02642060802298384 Maroney, T. A. (2009). Unlearning fear of out-group others. Law and Contemporary Problems Journal. 72(2), 83-88. Sloan, W. M. (2011, March). What did you say? Curtail conflict with effective communication. Education Update 53 (3), 3-5 http//proxy1.ncu.edu/login?url=http//search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ehh&AN= 58834574&site=ehost-live Wilmot, W., & Hocker, J.

Jim Teague in Tanzania

Jim Outage, an MBA associate with a diploma in engineering, is hired for a summer internship in rural Africa to be an police officeholder of a U. S- based social investment firm that is looking for an important agribusiness project in Africa. A sm totally successful company in Tanzania Cigarillo is in the run for being financed by Agrarian. Upon his arrival in Tanzania, he is set about upon two issues Cigarillo faces or so major health-safety issues with the risks of spreading E-coli among the population.A nonher problem Jim Outage is facing is the detail that he does not be exactly whether the company that identified the potential contamination of E-coli found a real problem or is fairish looking for a payoff as Baby is stipulating. The quandary Jims employer is subjecting too is either to withdraw their investment or Just ignore the allegations against the local company. This paper result identify the issues in the case, explain the sound issues and give nigh recommendat ions on how Jim Outage can resolve these issues to save his companys reputation.Identify the major cultural discrepancys and the resulting ethical, or legal challenges Jim Outage set about working at Cigarillo in Tanzania. Jim Outage faces some cultural differences when he went to Tanzania. The major cultural difference he encountered is the fact that wad in Tanzania are comfortably variable. In the video Spotlight on India and Mexico both countries are attractive markets with low cost manufacturing bases, but they present high risks business environment. This is the case for Tanzania, the difference in culture makes it hard for unconnected people to do business.First, when he first got to Tanzania, to find his apartment he had to give some money to the soul who helped him find his apartment because he had some issues finding direction. That was the first cultural shock he encountered. Second, he was facing himself with some major ethical, or legal challenges in Tanzania dif ferent from what he encountered in the United States. When he was first arrested by the police officer he had no choice that to bribe a police officer who stopped him illegally without no Justifying reasons.Facing with devising the close of either spending the night in a Tanzania Jail or full-grown something to the police officer so he can leave in peace he offered the police officer the Cads of Jim Reeves that belonged to Baby. When Baby mentioned that the Tanzania Certification Agency (TCL) had spy traces of E-coli in Sourpusss most popular product, Baby immediately assignd that it is a case of bribery because that is the legal environment in Tanzania. People are faced with constant bribery so it pertains on their ability to make a good Judgment of any situation they enter.The cultural differences Jim Outage encountered since his arrival in Tanzania brumous his ability to think critically. Jim Outage was sort of bribed by Baby and his wife. Since his arrival they treated him as a king and Baby eve went head and offered him a car, and they invited him all the time for a meal. In Tanzania, they treat business partners as family members. As the case with Jim Outage, Baby and mama treated him as he was their son and even took the liberty to ask Jim to marry a woman from Tanzania called shaggy woman (p. 3). How did Jim Outage get into the difficulty in which he finds himself?Does he bear some office for his predicament? There are many reasons why Jim Outage found was supposed to. He was blurred by everything Baby and Mama offered him. By doing that, Baby was making sure Jim Outage was closed to him. So when he explained him the situation about the company that discovered E. Coli, Jim Teases opinion was already biased because he was forced to think as a local citizen ordain think. He put himself in this situation because he felt for what Baby and Mama did for him. They were only business partners, he should have kept some boundaries and do his Job the way he was supposed to.He believed what Baby told him about the TCL without making his own research first. In addition, when they went to the farm, he unflinching not to talk about his impressions and findings to Baby knowing the risk the farmers where taking by using cow manure. The fact that Jim Outage is inexperienced also played some responsibility for this difficulty he encountered. He was not prepared enough for the problems facing the society in Tanzania. What encouraged Jim to pay off the police? Do Stagehands five rules suggest methods Jim could have used to avoid paying bribes?Jim a couple of days after coming to Tanzania found himself in a manifold situation with a police officer who arrested him illegally. He decided to pay off the police officer with the Cads of Jim Reeves belonging to Baby. Jim was encourages to pay off the police officer because he did not want to go to Jail. It was either paying off the officer or go into the pain of being locked up for something he d id not do. He did not think about it twice while he was giving the CD because his decision was the most rational decision at the time. He could have avoided bribery by using Stagehands five rules to avoid bribery.The first rule according to Eastland is to never assume that you have to give bribe. In Jims case, he did not try to negotiate with the office he directly assumed that the police officer wanted something in return of his freedom that is why he gave him the Cads. The second rule is to Just say no. According to the author even if asked people have to resist the urge to bribe by Just saying no. Jim could have explained to the officer that he was new in the city and he did not intend to violate rules while driving and assume the consequences of his act.The third rule is to look for legal and ethical ways to meet the person needs without bribing. Eastland gives three examples of ways to do that offer an expense pay visit to the home country or offer training course in home coun try, make an accommodate donation, and finally do something personal for the person. In Jims case knowing that the officer arrested him illegally thou no reason he could have done him a favor by doing something personal for the officer such as invite him to the restaurant if he let him go or offer him a pass for an event.The fourth rule is to find some creative ways to attend your goals without jeopardizing your integrity. Jim Outage could have found some ways not to bribe the officer by using his head. The fifth rule is to know the culture of the country in question. By knowing exactly how the Tanzania culture works, he could have avoided to give forward Abss CD and still get away without any problem. What action should Jim recommend to his U. S. Oppressor, Allen?In proposing a responsible solution, consider international standards for business practices, the varying impacts, determine the economic outcomes, consider the legal requirements, and value ethical obligations. How would you communicate your decision to Baby? Business practices, the impacts his decisions volition have, determine the economic outcomes, consider the legal requirements, and evaluate ethical obligations. Jim should tell the truth no matter what to his U. S. Supervisor. He should make a decision based on the facts and those facts state that Cigarillo flour is contaminate.In addition, he saw some additional proofs even though that could explain the E. Coli contamination by the use of cow manure. He needs to weigh both situations and decide which one will make the most arm. He has the choice of letting go of the situation and act as if the Tanzania company Just want a bribe or say no which will make a big impact on the population in Tanzania. DRY states companies should take into account the micro-risks they will face in a addicted company such as systemic, procedural, distributive, and catastrophic (p. 107). In this case, the procedural political risk is the one related to Tanzania.Cou ntries transactions or authorizations to do something important in a given country could be stopped by political actions, public fraud or a partisan Judicial system. Jim should take into considerations the micro issues while talking with his supervisor. That will help him elucidate the problem because he is the one in the country he understands better the culture now that he lives there. The video the new global challengers explains that internationally active firms create Jobs thereby create increasing the living standards of the population concerned. Tanzania is considered as an emerging market.According to the video, merging markets are characterized by inadequate infrastructures, underdeveloped legal system, and high risks business environments. This is exactly what Tanzania is going through. Knowing those issues will help Jim determine the best solution. In this case, a negative answer will be more beneficial and more economic because the company will save money by not commit on a business that is doomed to failure in the long run. Even if they decide to ignore the allegations against Cigarillo, they will still pay the price if people find that such a reputable company such as Agrarian was implicated in such allegations.This will completely mess up their reputation. Jim should recommend not toggle the loan to Cigarillo no matter what will happen to his relationships with Baby. This is for his best interest. The ethical obligations force him to tell exactly what is going on by being neutral without taken any side. That meaner explaining the use of cow manure while making the flour and take into account the content of the encompass even though Baby thinks the company is Just looking to be bribed. Jim should communicate his decision to Baby by explaining him the danger that E. Coli will have on the customers.Baby should understand that ensuing the loan ill have a big impact and endanger the health of thousands of people and put Agrarian at risk. Henequen H e should also explain that he has his hands tight and that he cogency get fired if he does not make the proper(a) decision. This technique index alleviate the anger Baby will have against Jim after telling him. Where would you go for guidance, either within or outside your company and organization. In the absence of guidance, what would you do? For guidance within the company I will ask my follow coworkers what they think of the situation, and what they think I should do.Its always good to know what other people think before acting. In Jims case, his friends remark helped me realized that if he was in the United States he would have acted differently. In the absence of guidance, I will Just follow my instinct and do what is the loan will deprive hundreds of farmers their income. The right thing is this case seems to be going a no decision because it will have less effect than going with a yes. Briefly outline the key components of an ethics or submission program for a small-s ized foreign company that would provide guidance on the types of issues Jim faced at Cigarillo.Effective compliance programs fits exactly the specific business ND the risks associated with the business in question. 1. Develop brusk lines of communication. For a compliance program to be effective, the most important element is that employees feel comfortable asking questions and reporting possible violations. * Establish an open-door policy for the compliance official or committee and the highest level of on-site management to receive employee reports. * Guarantee that there will be no retaliation against employees who make good-faith reports of misconduct. go out an anonymous suggestion box, which may induce some employees to report problems. 2. Identify the risks. Management must first ferret out risks that the company faces, so the right factors can be monitored, audited and evaluated. A wide range of potential risks should be considered, including Environmental risks (clean air and water, hazardous waste disposal, transportation of hazardous materials, etc. ) * health and safety * Money laundering, especially when involved with foreign entities 3. Establish standards and procedures.Some fundamental standards and procedures should be included in any organizations compliance program. For example, every business should * mystify to a record retention policy. Perform background screening of potential employees. * Develop forms to address recurring issues, so that incidents are recorded fully and consistently. 4. think a compliance official or committee. Every compliance program must be overseen by an individual or committee that has ultimate accountability. These duties might include * Overseeing and monitoring the implementation of the compliance program. Establishing methods to improve quality of service and reduce vulnerability to fraud and abuse.

Deception Point Page 23

It appeared the astrobiologists had been right, Tolland idea. ET is a bug.Rachels legs felt wishy-washy beneath her. I cant believe it, she said, turning the fossil in her hands. I never thought Give it some time to sink in, Tolland said, grinning. Took me twenty-four hours to get my feet back under me.I see we fork over a newcomer, said an uncharacteristically big Asian homosexual, walking over to join them. bad and Tolland seemed to deflate instantly with the mans arrival. Apparently the moment of magic had been shattered.Dr. Wailee Ming, the man said, introducing himself. Chairman of paleontology at UCLA.The man carried himself with the pompous rigidity of renaissance aristocracy, continuously stroking the out-of-place bow tie that he wore beneath his knee-length camel-hair coat. Wailee Ming was apparently not one to let a remote setting come in the way of his prim appearance.Im Rachel sexton. Her hand was still trembling as she shook Mings smooth palm. Ming was obviously an other of the Presidents civilian recruits.It would be my pleasure, Ms. Sexton, the paleontologist said, to tell you anything you want to know about these fossils.And plenty you dont want to know, corky grumbled.Ming fingered his bow tie. My paleontologic specialty is extinct Arthropoda and Mygalomorphae. patently the most impressive characteristic of this organism is--is that its from another friggin planet Corky interjected.Ming scowled and cleared his throat. The most impressive characteristic of this organism is that it fits perfectly into our Darwinian ashes of terrestrial taxonomy and classification.Rachel glanced up. They can classify this thing? You mean kingdom, phylum, species, that sort of thing?Exactly, Ming said. This species, if found on earth, would be classified as the order Isopoda and would go down into a class with about two thousand species of lice.Lice? she said. But its huge.Taxonomy is not size specific. House cats and tigers are related. Classification is about physiology. This species is clear a insect It has a flattened body, seven pairs of legs, and a reproductive pouch identical in structure to wood lice, pill bugs, beach hoppers, sow bugs, and gribbles. The other fossils clearly reveal more specialized-Other fossils?Ming glanced at Corky and Tolland. She doesnt know?Tolland shook his head.Mings face brightened instantly. Ms. Sexton, you havent heard the good part yet.There are more fossils, Corky interjected, clearly trying to steal Mings thunder. Lots more. Corky scurried over to a large manila envelope and retrieved a folded sheet of oversized paper. He opening it out on the desk in front of Rachel. After we drilled some cores, we dropped an roentgenogram camera down. This is a graphic rendering of the cross section.Rachel looked at the x-ray printout on the t equal, and immediately had to sit down. The three-dimensional cross section of the meteorite was packed with dozens of these bugs.Paleolithic records, Ming said, are usually found in heavy concentrations. ofttimes times, mud slides trap organisms en masse, covering nests or entire communities.Corky grinned. We think the collection in the meteorite represents a nest. He pointed to one of the bugs on the printout. And theres mommy.Rachel looked at the specimen in question, and her jaw dropped. The bug looked to be about two feet long.Big-ass louse, eh? Corky said.Rachel nodded, dumbstruck, as she pictured lice the size of bread loaves wandering around on some distant planet.On earth, Ming said, our bugs stay relatively small because gravity keeps them in check. They cant grow larger than their exoskeletons can support. However, on a planet with skeletal gravity, insects could evolve to much greater dimensions.Imagine swatting mosquitoes the size of condors, Corky joked, taking the core sample from Rachel and slipping it into his pocket.Ming scowled. You had better not be stealing thatRelax, Corky said. Weve got eight tons more where this came fro m.Rachels analytical mind churned through the data before her. But how can life from space be so quasi(prenominal) to life on earth? I mean, youre saying this bug fits in our Darwinian classification?Perfectly, Corky said. And believe it or not, a lot of astronomers have predicted that extraterrestrial life would be very similar to life on earth.But why? she demanded. This species came from an entirely different environment.Panspermia. Corky smiled broadly.I beg your clear?Panspermia is the surmise that life was seeded here from another planet.Rachel stood up. Youre losing me.Corky turned to Tolland. Mike, youre the primordial seas guy.Tolland looked happy to take over. Earth was once a lifeless planet, Rachel. thus suddenly, as if overnight, life exploded. Many biologists think the explosion of life was the magical result of an ideal mixture of elements in the primordial seas. But weve never been able to reproduce that in a lab, so religious scholars have seized that failure as proof of God, meaning life could not exist unless God affected the primordial seas and infused them with life.But we astronomers, Corky declared, came up with another explanation for the overnight explosion of life on earth.Panspermia, Rachel said, now understanding what they were talking about. She had heard the panspermia theory before besides didnt know its name. The theory that a meteorite splashed into the primordial soup, bringing the first seeds of microbial life to earth.Bingo, Corky said. Where they percolated and sprang to life.And if thats true, Rachel said, then the underlying filiation of earths life-forms and extraterrestrial life-forms would be identical.Double bingo.Panspermia, Rachel thought, still barely able to grasp the implications. So, not only does this fossil confirm that life exists elsewhere in the universe, but it practically proves panspermia that life on earth was seeded from elsewhere in the universe.Triple bingo. Corky flashed her an enthusiastic no d. Technically, we may all be extraterrestrials. He localise his fingers over his head like two antennas, crossed his eyes, and wagged his tongue like some kind of insect.Tolland looked at Rachel with a pathetic grin. And this guys the pinnacle of our evolution.25Rachel Sexton felt a dreamlike mist swirling around her as she walked across the habisphere, flanked by Michael Tolland. Corky and Ming followed close behind.You okay? Tolland asked, watching her.Rachel glanced over, giving a weak smile. Thanks. Its just so much.Her mind reeled back to the infamous 1996 NASA discovery-ALH84001-a Mars meteorite that NASA claimed contained fossil traces of bacterial life. Sadly, only weeks after NASAs triumphant press conference, several civilian scientists stepped transport with proof that the rocks signs of life were really nothing more than kerogen produced by terrestrial contamination. NASAs credibility had taken a huge hit over that gaffe. The New York measure took the opportunity to sarcastically redefine the agencys acronym NASA-NOT ALWAYS SCIENTIFICALLY ACCURATE.

Waiting ‘Til the Midnight Hour

Jerome Carlos Johnson SOCI 3345 Sociology of the 1960s Five Page Book Review Waiting Til the Midnight Hour by Peniel Joseph February 28, 2013 Waiting Til the Midnight Hour by Peniel Joseph in spite of appearance the eleven chapters that comprise Waiting Til the Midnight Hour lays a treasure chest of information for anyone interested in Bneediness or African American register, especially the well-bred rights grounds that took place during the 1950s and 1960s. I am a self-professed scholar of African American history and I found an amazing fare of information that I was non aware(p) of.Like almost who claim to be Black History experts, I was aware of the roles of Martin Luther King, Malcolm X, Rosa Parks, W. E. B. Du Bois and Marcus Garvey. However, I was not aware of the impact that so many lesser known figures had in the courtly rights ride. It was refreshing to learn of the roles played by Harold Cruse, Arturo Schomburg, Richard Wright, Ella Baker and Robert F. Williams. R eading this handwriting unimpeachably gave me a new perspective on the civil rights movement and the legacies of its leading.Waiting Til the Midnight Hour took me on a journey through the tumultuous events of the civil rights movement, as wellhead as introducing me to key players in the movement of which I was previously unaware. In addition, the book served as an avenue of connecting the various segments and factions of the civil rights movement. The book also did a long job of presenting the nationwide struggle of African Americans rather than focusing on one specific geographical area. It was a daunting task, but the power did a considerable job of accurately placing all the pieces of the puzzle together that comprised the struggle for freedom.Through his writings in Waiting Til the Midnight Hour, Peniel Joseph did a great job of contrast the stark difference between integrationists manage Martin Luther King and nationalists (or separatists) like Malcolm X. Peniel Joseph was able to paint the stark contrast between the two major factions of the civil rights movement by exploring their beginnings several decades prior to the climax of the movement in the 1950s and 1960s. The book begins by detailing Malcolm Xs rise to prominence in spite of appearance the Nation Of Islam. The book clearly shows the power that Malcolm X wielded in the African American community.In many ways this book provides solid evidence of my personal horizon that Malcolm X was indeed a more powerful leader than Martin Luther in the African American community. Both men were charismatic and eloquent orators, but Malcolm X had a much more commanding presence. Again, this is my personal judgment, but the book definitely paints a vivid picture of the abundant power that was held by Malcolm X. The book gives an excellent discourse on the different ideological views of the two great leaders Malcolms militant thinking of getting justice and equality by any means necessary versus the non-violent, Gandhi-like movement led by Dr.Martin Luther King. While King is mentioned often, the book is clearly more focused on Malcolm X and his great role in moving inkiness people from passive, non-violent methods towards more assertive methods of achieving racial justice and equality. The book provides information about Malcolm Xs history and background, which helped to better understand his militant thinking. Malcolm X played a great role in the great shift in the methods used to fight for civil rights in the 1960s. Many lesser known leaders looked at Malcolm X as a role model. His legacy as a leader is lighten felt 48 years after his assassination.Malcolm served as inspiration to the Black Power Movement that took fire in the mid and late 1960s. Another great thing about Waiting Til the Midnight Hour is the way it shows the geographical aspect of the struggle for racial equality. In great detail, the author highlights the workings of civil rights leaders in major cities li ke Detroit but also gives a great deal of attention to the struggles of rural southerners. This allowed me to make a connection between the struggles of urban African Americans and blacks in the rural southern, thus seeing the entire picture more clearly.This book makes clear that the struggle for racial equality was nationwide and not just isolated to certain geographical locations. A common misconception about the civil rights movement is that blatant racism was a problem only encountered in the Deep South. However, Waiting Til the Midnight Hour does a great job of clarifying this misconception and showing the many elements of the struggle for justice that blacks from coast to coast experienced. One of the most elements of the book is the evolution of the organization called SNCC.SNCC (Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee) was founded in conjunction with the lunch counter sit0ins that originated in Greensboro, North Carolina in February 1960. SNCC activists were known to prac tice in arrears, tedious and patient voter registration drives in the most dangerous parts of the South. However, they seldom received credit for their efforts on a national level. Despite their lack of national attention, SNCC activists often managed to annoy white federal officials and black civil rights leaders.SNCC attracted radicals from the Revolutionary Action Movement, black nationalists from the North and a host of other mavericks. From its humiliate beginnings, SNCC was a peaceful group that used nonviolent methods to seek racial equality. Over the course of time, SNCC became more assertive in their methods of demanding racial equality and accessible justice. At the very center of the evolution of SNCC was a young man from Trinidad by the name of Stokely Carmichael. Perhaps the most poignant chapter in the book is chapter 7, which is entitled, What We Gonna engender Saying Now Is Black Power In this chapter we see the birth of the Black Power movement. This is a very powerful chapter for many reasons, including that in my opinion this is the point where the civil rights movement began to move toward a more assertive methodology and Dr. Martin Luther King began to lose relevance. At first SNCC was an organization that believed in non-violent civil disobedience but over time the organization became more militant. By 1965 it was obvious that Stokely Carmichael was leading the organization from its roots as a non-violent integrationist group toward a much more militant nationalist way of thinking.During the summer of 1966 attention shifted to the disseminated sclerosis Delta, which was a hotbed of racial discord. This is of special significance to me because my parents were both born and reared in the Mississippi Delta. My grandfather shared many stories with me about the tumultuous 1960s in the Mississippi Delta. Most of those stories were horrific but Waiting Til the Midnight Hour put down a whole new perspective on it by introducing me to the m ajor players with great detail. In this chapter we see Dr. Martin Luther King and Stokely Carmichael in Mississippi during the time that JamesMeredith was embarking upon his butt against Against Fear. His plan was to meet from Memphis, Tennessee to Jackson, Mississippi as a symbol of his defiance against the racial discrimination so prevalent in Mississippi. Meredith was famous for integrating the University of Mississippi (Ole Miss) four years prior. While marching from Memphis to Jackson, James Meredith was shot in the neck, back and both legs. He was seriously injured but would eventually recover. This accompanying divided the civil rights activists in Mississippi.Stokely Carmichael, James Baldwin and LeRoi Jones were identified as provocateurs behind a growing trend of racial militancy. Officials from the Urban League, the Southern Christian leaders Conference, CORE, the NAACP and SNCC met to discuss joining the march in Mississippi as a form of protest against the shooting o f James Meredith as well as mark the assassination of Medger Evers. The different organization leaders had opposing views on the methodology of implementing the march and therefore a long argument ensued.Eventually a compromise was met. However, in the end, the more conservative leaders from the North refused to support the compromise that Dr. Martin Luther King and returned to New York after warning that the march would be a disaster. During the long march through the Mississippi Delta, Stokely Carmichael lost his patience with the racial climate of Mississippi. He was tired of the racial hatred and blatant discrimination. Following his release from jail (after his twenty-seventh arrest), Stokely Carmichael made his way to Broad Street Park in Greenwood, Mississippi.In an impassioned speech, he told the crowd of tired and listless marchers that he had grown tired of the slow pace of the civil rights movement and his frustration had reached its boiling point. At that point he said the poignant words, what we gonna start sayin now is black power It was at that point that America began to recognize that many blacks throughout the nation had grown wary of the methods of Dr. Martin Luther King and his turn the other cheek way of thinking. The tide was routine and African Americans were ready to get their freedom and equality by any means necessary.From that day forward the slogan Black Power began to spread like wildfire. The Meredith March ended on June 26, 1966 as thousands of people gathered at the Mississippi State Capitol Building in Jackson. The burning of a Confederate give way on the capitol grounds by a SNCC member drew rousing applause. Dr. Martin Luther King struggled with the reality that the national political landscape may not be able to keep up with the pace of the new found black militancy. He confessed to the crowd that his dream had turned into a nightmare. King defiantly entitle that even in Mississippi justice will come to all of Gods child ren. Carmichael sounded a message that was the polar opposite of that of Dr. King. Carmichael said that the movement must build a political base so powerful that blacks would bring them whites to their knees every time they mess with us. Carmichaels message began to resonate among black people across the nation and the mood among blacks began to shift from non-violent civil disobedience to that of militant defiance. Thus the Black Power came into existence and dominated the political delineation for the remainder of the 1960s.

Comparing hardy extract and the times article Essay

In Far from the Madding Crowd, the author put great emphasis into using nature to describe the effects of the storm. The cleaving of the tree shows the storms power and ferocity. The author also uses the actions of the neighbouring wild life to show their reaction towards the storm. They are fearful of the storm, galloping about in the wildest maddest confusion. Their chaos is shown as they propel their heels and tails high into the air, their heads to earth. In The Times extract, most of the focus is on the uses of the visual and auditory senses to heighten the experience of the rollercoaster ride.It is easy to imagine the generators experience though the ways that she portrays every detail of the rollercoaster, from trundling away off the rollercoaster, to the hurtling through space, to the drawing back towards the platform. She describes the Tchika, tchika, thicka of the carriages clinking against for each one other as she approaches the zenith. You can relate to the way she f eels as she trundles off, alike(p) an egg in a carton. When she reaches the pinnacle, she describes the merry-go-rounds no bigger than musical boxes, its coaster tracks like Meccano toys.The Times article also puts emphasis into the uses of the narrator and of the man behind her. The story is in first person narrative format. The narrator tells the story precisely how she sees it through her own eyes. She tells of every vision, sound, emotion and feeling. The narrator adds life to the experience, telling us her thoughts and fears, Oh my God Had I got as high as that? The other temperament in this piece is the man sitting behind her on the rollercoaster. He dissolves all her confidence in an instance when he tells her, Thats the sc-a-a-a-riest seat.He adds knowledge to the ambience of the experience. In Far from the Madding Crowd, Hardy uses the contrast of light and dark to make the scene seem eerie. The light is described as intertwined undulating snakes of green embedded into the surrounding darkness. Another form of light is from the candle shining in Bathshebas bedroom. Also a blue light appeared in the zenith. The use of chiaroscuro is present here in presenting the dark form. The extract starts with light, but ends with black. In Far from the Madding Crowd, the use of language and sentence building has depth and profundity to it.The dance of death is the surreal supernatural description of the storm, with skeleton shaped with blue fire for bones. The dead, flat blow reminds us the insecurity of the storm. The mailed army is a vision of a war against the elements. There are semantic clusters, like in death and battle. The writer uses superlatives to convey and cheat his ideas, such as most extra,wildest maddest, and unparalleled. Hardy uses very dramatic vocabulary. He often uses personification, metaphors and similes. His sentence structure is strong, heaven opened consequently indeed. He has a strong use of discourse markers.In The Times articl e, the author uses vivid language that best describes her visions and feelings at the time. And then the vista vanished. The story goes form a rather enjoyable and pleasant feeling to sudden chaos. The anxiety and fear of the writer, which was mildly present, totally changes once she begins to descend. The writer fears that she go away faint, as she feels the safety bar will not hold her. There is a contrast between the use of language in the beginning and move up the end. The sentence structure is normal, with roughly same amount of words in each sentence.She often uses personification, metaphors and similes to convey her experience. She has a strong use of discourse markers. The structure of Far from the Madding crowd is linear, ands follows on form beginning to middle to end in a very straightforward fashion. The structure of The Times piece is standardized to that of Far from the Madding Crowd in the way that it has a linear structure, but the main difference is that there ar e four segments. The first segment is earlier the rollercoaster, and then before and leading up to the pinnacle, then the free fall and leading to the end, then actually ending and getting off the rollercoaster.

History of Fast Food Essay

unshakable intellectual nourishment has been a growing phenomenon for since its introduction in 20th century. The changes in American culture pushed the fast nutrient industry into a staggering growth atomic number 18na and wipe out changed the way consumers purchase and eat forever. The fast-food industry that now extends throughout the world has its roots in the United States. Fast-food restaurants are often regarded as emblematic of a smart global culture, tho the industry has indisputably been shaped by its American origins. (Leidner 8).Fast victuals has developed from being a widget to a necessity, widened the financial gap and became an international phenomenon. The branch drive-in restaurant, Royce Haileys shit Stand in Dallas, Texas, was undetermined in 1921, and offered pulled pork BBQ and introduced Texas Toast. As one southern fan of Royce Haileys pig stand put it Folks went hog wild when the first Pig Stand opened in Dallas in 1921. Agile car hops leaped ont o running boards of Model-Ts to deliver curb service to a generation on the go.It was the get on with of the automobile, and Pig Stands multiplied across America swift than you can say soooo-eeee. It took the Great Depression of the 30s to s menial The Pig down. (Sowa). Drive-in services were not in truth popular at this measure because automobiles were dearly-won and few and far between during the Great Depression. Then nearly three decades later the drive-in restaurant enjoyed a degree of success during the 1950s. Drive-ins celebrated the cultural importance of the automobile and Drive-in restaurants proved (to be the) most popular, places where carhops served customers directly in their parked automobiles (Young, and Young 29).This convenience which enabled raft to order their food and eat it in the open air without having to unbuckle their seatbelts changed American fast food forever (Woloson). Car hops, as they were overly called, became familiar congregation centers for teenagers as well (Woloson). The rise of the fast food restaurant would not have been possible without constant changes in American culture. The 1950s brought about American lifestyle changes. With the end of the war Americans had saved money and moved to the suburbs.For the first time in history middle class get hitched with women with women with children were entering the work force. Married women comprised the majority of the growth in the female work force throughout the 1950s, and between 1940 and 1960 there was a 400 percentage increase in the number of working mothers by 1960, women with children under the age of eighteen accounted for nearly one-third of all women workers(Coontz 161). The working women and the decrease of free time may be a direct contributor to the growth of the fast food industry.The development of an affordable automobile and the simultaneous governmental support of sweet road systems physically reinforced this cultural melding, enabling car owners, es pecially, to go to places they had never been before. There was a boom in the tourist industry in the 1950s and 1960s. The key to the expansion of tourism demand was the rise in disposable incomes in the 1950s and 1960s. (Beauregard 225). Travelers, who once went by rail, boat, or horse, were now base faster by car. Consumers began to value things such as speed and convenience as part of their trips.Fast food restaurants began making their food faster and faster and Americans love the convenience of letting someone else do the cooking, especially when they are vacationing (Bijlefeld, and Zoumbaris 51). As travelers not only did they need affordable and reliable places to beat they needed quick, convenient, and inexpensive eateries. The need for fast, reliable, affordable, and convenient food, along with an increasing acceptance among Americans of more fast pace culture, led to the rise of the fast food industry.Fast food restaurants sprang up in both urban areas and along the nat ions postgraduateways in record numbers after the introduction of the fast food phenomenon known as McDonalds. The first fast food restaurant (was) opened by the two McDonald brothers in 1937 in Pasadena, California. Their established restaurant had experienced high demand at specific times (for example, workers lunchtimes) and they responded with a circumscribed menu (burgers) and were able to serve large numbers at high speed and low price.The assembly line procedures, with food preparation and serving made into childly repetitive tasks, combined with a specialized division of labor for each stage, have been recognized as constituting the first fast food factory (Beardsworth, and Keil 120). This enabled people to get their food faster and set the standards for the future of the fast food industry. As the McDonalds chain grew and other chains started to sprout up people began to accept the new culture of food service. The working-class food held largely in disrepute.The gaining f ar-flung popularity of fast food made it a staple food in diets of many Americans diets. The most successful of these stands quickly multiplied, taking advantage of the growing popularity of this new fast food and applied industrial principles of standardization to its development. McDonalds is considered the first fast food restaurant and recognized the potential of this relatively fast and simple food. The organization of McDonalds created standardized methods in its production.The history of ashen castle dates back to the 1920s is seen as the first and most influential restaurant chain (White stronghold). White palace is credited for beginning the franchise system that inspired many (Woloson). White Castle set standards, began standardization of the cooking line, and created the first restaurant which duplicated the original. In retrospect it can be said that White Castle was the start and set high standards for all the other franchise restaurants in the United States. The ham burger fulfilled economic as well as cultural needs for inexpensive food.Although there was not a food deficit during the great depression food was expensive and affordable food options like the local hamburger stand was a blessing. By the end of 1930, White Castle had sold over 21 million hamburgers and then by the end of 1937, this number had increased to over 40 million (Woloson). Fast food began to profit a steady incline towards the end of World War II. Franchises were not unique to the 1950s they had been around since the early decades of the twentieth century, patronized by a public increasingly used to and insistent upon the supposed reliability and trustworthiness of branded goods(Woloson).White Castle, A & W Root beer, and Howard Johnsons, were some of the first and most successful restaurant franchises. Although it took the ideals of postwar culture to wholly support the fast-food franchise it laid the foundations for the companies to make billions of dollars. In 1955 R ay A. Kroc, a Chicago Milkshake salesman, discover the McDonalds restaurant in California and saw a goldmine. He partnered with the McDonalds brothers, opening 228 franchises by 1960. Kroc happily bought out the McDonalds shares of the company in 1961.Kroc, an astounding entrepreneur, wanted to make the customers to identify with the restaurant and make it seem homey. By 1988, McDonalds had opened its ten thousandth restaurant and today there are over 30,000 McDonalds restaurants worldwide (History of Franchising). Krocs success lay in his approach not specifically to cooking individual food items, but in conceiving of his franchise operation in its entirety (Woloson). The methods and success of McDonalds Franchises have set a tone for the fast food industry.Although White Castle was the first restaurant that encouraged carry-out for those customers on the go the restraint developed standard floor plans and architectural designs that could be easily duplicated and set these standa rds for others in the industry (Woloson). McDonalds uniform restaurants, kitchens, dining rooms, and methods of standardized cooking techniques set this great restaurant apart and distinguish it from the other fast food restaurants. Ray Kroc had some aspiration with the introduction of popular fast food restaurants such as Taco Bell, Wendys, and Burger King.One may say ethnic food could be considered a literary genre for the fast food franchise system, Taco Bell originated in 1962 and was the first ethnic franchise restaurant, paving the way for many more. Wendys, specializing in bigger, better, and more expensive hamburgers and introduced the first drive-thru windows at their restaurants, which were so popular that Burger King and McDonalds had to follow suit(Woloson). As an industry fast food will continue to grow, change, and aline to the needs of the culture around it.Expanding to international markets the fast food industry offers cultural acceptable products. Multinational fast-food chains have now become home base names, and in terms of sales and units tend to dominate national markets. Indeed, the industry is becoming more internationalized with brands like Burger King being bought by the British international Diageo and McDonalds has recently bought a stake in Pret a Manger. However, some of the largest brands in this sector are still American-owned, such as McDonalds, KFC, Pizza Hut, and wimpish(Royle and Towers 3).One great concept is international fast food chains often support the local economy, buying local products, but sticking to the kindred well known recipes to get desired results. The fast food franchise of the 20th century has set and defined a world-renowned concept of the way people order, eat, and enjoy the food that they purchase. The fast food industry is one of enormous power and economic strength. Fast food restaurants represent Americas cultures and, in many ways, how other cultures strive to be like America.

Want to Do, Ought to Do

Desiree DMoore Mrs. Farley World Literature Honors February 18, 2013 As a child, decisions like finishing homework during free time or choosing to procrastinate for the last minute often machinate, and the adolescent would usually chose the latter. This maculation is one of the common, least lifespan changing ones dealt by many people, while other predicaments can be on a more serious not, like choosing between what is moral and immoral. These accounts show that throughout life, situations arise and one has to think about how they should deal with it to approach a resolution.It efficiency be easier to do what we ask to do rather than doing what we ought to do, and take the one less traveled by as Robert Frost might say. These decisions must be made, no matter the size of the problem or the amount of effort. Through history, the reach of choices between right and wrong make a galactic impact on how lives plan out. aboveboard situations like finishing a homework assignment can as well be a conflict that a person has to deal with in life, and in the long run, can impact how lives plan out.Children and teenagers often choose to do what they want rather than what is expected of them. While as a child, one choses to do their work on time and in a correct fashion, their study habits and routine would remain consistent, and would shake these traits to their older years, creating a responsible adult. If one choses to slack off in school and not do their full effort, then more often than not, the person would continue being lazy when they are older. A small decision like doing homework proves that small efforts make a large impact on a life.Doing homework is done of the smaller decision that one needs to face when there is untold more life changing decision which is made, life fighting for freedom. Historical events in history beat altered what the world is today, and the decision between what they wanted to do and what they had to do play a large part of the outcome. The French Revolution all started with what the 3rd Estate, the largest part of the French population, had to decide for them should they fight for twin rights or continue to kick the First and Second Estate, which consisted of the clergy and nobles, to live luxurious lifestyles for the peasants expenses?They wanted to fight for what they believed was right, and allow the government to be delegates instead of orders so each person would have a say, but they also had to remember that the nobles and clergy were in charge. In this case what they wanted to do was much more difficult than clean doing what was thought to be the way it was supposed to be. The Third Estate came together and created the National Assembly, and eventually, made a more morally and economically correct France.Together as one body, because of one choice, they proved that they could overcome their parapet and create more equal rights for their nation. From very small to very large decision, the co urse of a life can change drastically by one choice. Whether it is doing homework or fighting for equality, the decisions of doing what we want to do and what we ought to do clash together and created the possibility on putting ones life in their own hands. With these simple decisions, the outcome can take a positive or negative cultivate and it is within the person to do what is right and just.