Three Levels of Management

Three Levels of ManagementIntroduction knowledge system means by which people and organizations utilize technologies, collect, store call and distribute data. Good tuition system is utilize to tender of import information for finis making. The information engineering may be utilizationd for the treat, storing or distribution of data. These technologies collectively include information technology and data. It is an organized combination of people, hardwargon, softw are, communications net full treatment, and data resources that stores and retrieves, transform and disseminate information in an organization. Very main functions of information systems issystems analysis and design, that is to say, analyzing a customers lineage dispose (or trouble), with deference towards information adjoining, and intention and implementing an suitablegenerally computerizedsolution to the difficulty. schooling systems professionals who focus in this part are known assystems analysts. The procedure begins with a complete determination of the clients information needs and business processes. The result commonly involves various programming, in add-on to the use of a suitable occupation software package(s), for usage a database management system (DBMS) utilise for designing and implementing a database for the customer. It may also involve a number of ne tworking considerations, depending on the users needs and goals.Levels of managementThe term aim of management look ups to a bourn of demarcation between various managerial positions. The number of aims of management depends upon the size, technology, degree, of salmagundi and nature of product. There are mainly three trains of management in most of the organization. There areTop level management fondness level management demoralise level managementTop level managementTop level consists of the board of directors, general manager and early(a) senior executives. They fix the objectives of the organization. They fix the objectives of the organization. They prepare policies and takes important decisions to accomplish the objectives of the organization. They answer instruction and orders to lower level management. Every organization runs by the managers in that organization, who are taking opinion in the all step of organizational activities. In a big organization the computer department liable for giving information or data also called management information department. In an organizational information system is used to communicate and analyze the in every levels of the organization. In this level decides on the board objectives of an organization.attempt resource planningattempt resource planning is a method to add the information and processes of an organization into one single system. Generally Enterprise resource planning systems will have a lot of works including hardware and software, in order to pick up integration, most ERP systems use a joined database to store data for diffe rent functions establish all oer the organization. The word ERP firstly referred to how a big organization planned to use organizational wide resources. In the past,ERP systemswere used in better more than industrial types of companies. However, the use of ERP has changed and is really complete, nowadays the word can refer to every kind of company, no matter what industry it falls in. in reality ERP systems are used in approximately every type of organization considerable or small.In order for asoftwaresystem to be considered ERP, it must provide an organization with functionality for two or more systems. While some ERP packages come through that only transit two functions for an organization (QuickBooks Payroll Accounting), most ERP systems cover several functions.Executive entropy arrangings (EIS)An Executive Information System (EIS) is a type of management information system planned to assist and fend for the information and decision making needs of senior executives by tending(p) that simple access to both internal and external information cerebrate to meeting the strategic goals of the organization. The importance of executive information system is on graphical displays and easy to use user interfaces. EIS are enterprise large decision remain firm system that helps top level executives study, evaluate and evince trends in important variables so that they can check effect and trace opportunities and troubles.Middle level managementMiddle level consists of head of financial departments. They are responsible to top management. They are interested with organization and deputation function of management. Interpretation of the programs and policies communicate by the top level management, organizing and manning their departments as per the main plan, plan the departmental operations, guide direct and motivate their workers to attain the objective, co-operate and co-ordinate with other departments, evaluate the performance of his subordinates, collect reports and statics from the lower and dispatch in to top level management. These are the functions of center field level management. get a line and arrange the resources to meet the goals of an organization. In this level define the detailed tasks to be carried out at the operational level.Management information and reporting systems (MIS)- These systems place mid-level and senior managers through periodic, often summarized, information that help them determine performance (e.g., an exacting regions sales performance in a particular meter period) and create right decision based on that information. Provide middle level management with reports that summarize and categorise information derived from company database. decision support systems (DSS) These systems are considered to assist mid-level and higher-level managers create those complicated decisions approximately which not all related restriction is known. There are decision support systems that help out groups to create consensus-based decisions this is well-known as group decision support systems. A type of decision support system that is pitch mainly toward high-level higher managers is theexecutive information system(EIS) orexecutive support system(ESS). As this has the world power to do extremely detail analyses, just like a habitue DSS, it is designed mainly to help executives continue track of a elflike particular items that are critical to their day-to-day high-level decisions.Expert systems An skillful system is built with form keen on the computer the sentiment processes and decision-making heuristics of a conventional specialist in an exacting field. As a result, this kind of information system istheoreticallyable of making decisions for a customer, based on input received from the customerLower level managementLower level management is also known as supervisory management. This level includes supervisors, foremen, gang boss, accounts officer, sales officer etc. They are mor e concerned with direction and control function of management. Their functions are- plan for a day or weak, organize the activities of his group, allot work to the workers under him, issue operating instructions at the site, motivate the employees, arrange materials, machines, tools etc. for workers, give guidance and grapple the employees, to maintain discipline and good relations with the groups.Most decisions at in this level require easily defined information that relates to the current lieu and activities within the basic business functions. Information is gained from detained report which contains information about routine activities. Detailed tasks defined by middle management are carried out by people at operational level.Transaction processing systems (TPS)- These documentation and way of an organizations legal proceeding, for example sales transactions or transmit items, from the instant everybody is first created until it leaves the system. This help out the managers at the daily in effect(p) level keep track of daily transactions in addition to create decisions on when to put orders, create consignment, and almost immediately. These systems capture and process about business transactions. Sometimes its called as data processing systems. It is more often than not used at operational level. Usually creates detailed reports of daily transactions or future transactions. Reports generated are useful only to lower level managers of the organisation.Toyota Enterprises Information SystemsToyota Motor Corporation Australia (TMCA) is the second largest vehicle manufacturer in Australia. Toyota Australia has exported over 60000 cars to over 20 different commercial locations worldwide in 2003.Toyota Industries is developing and manufacturing information systems, such as the Warehouse Management System (WMS), and the stocking management system for automatic warehouses. When combined with the logistics equipment of TOYOTA Material Handling Company, we are able to provide our customers with optimized logistics solutions at their worksite.Business-to-consumer (B2C)- The main aspects of business -to-consumer this is the most super C form in ecommerce. The business is selling its items to an individual. The supplier is the business possessor and the purchaser is the individual consumer. In selling items through the website, business owners usually creates catalogs and online shopping carts for the consumers to choose from and for the business owners to accept online payments.Business-to-business (B2B)-The buyers and the sellers are both business owners. This is the type in which selling is among the companies. Mainly products that are sold by businesses are not manufactured by their own company. They immediately purchased those products passim wholesalers or from the product manufacturer itself. For example, Toyota Motors does plenty of B2B dealings like purchase the tires, glasses, rubber hoses and other parts of Toyota vehicles fro m another manufacturer.Consumer-to-consumer (C2C)- Consumer-to-consumer allows process of products between two individuals. This style does not require a middleman. Also the perfect example of this type is eBay in which it allows individuals to sell and purchase their products directly.ConclusionInformation technology is very important in business organization. Information technology is used in every levels of the organization. Companies cannot exist without the use of information technology. The basic opinion of information systems has been introduced. Hence, a general idea about the importance of information systems should be achieved. It is very clear that information system is very much important for the successful growth and development of the organization.BibliographyJohn.G.Burch Gary Grudnitski, Information System system Practice.Graham Curtis David Cobham, Business Information Systems analysis, design practiceRobert.D.Galliers, Dorothy.E.Leinder, Strategic Information Management 4thEdition.George Reynolds, Ethics in Information Technology (2003).http//blog.philwebservices.com/different-types-of-ecommercehttp//www.turningcourse.com/ukais/isdefn.pdfhttp//www.webopedia.com/TERM/I/Information_Systems.htmlhttp//books.google.co.uk/books?hl=enlr=id=7_-67SshOy8Coi=fndpg=PR9dq=information+systems+IN+TOYOTAots=YlWst9DhG2sig=cB9XURgqsBVDVdf80LLTvELxAQkv=onepageq=information%20systems%20IN%20TOYOTAf=false