Behavior Modification Research Paper Essay

AbstractReinforcing authoritative conduct is critical in more aspects. It supporters p bents, shoal teachers and managers seek absolute behavioural responses from the guinea pig whether its a minor, adult or tied(p) an employee. Reinforcement was first studied by Thorndike (1911), who illustrated that bread and exactlyter is a process where the behavior is increased by the contiguous consequence that follows. Thorndike placed a hungry cat in a cage and f be outside the cage and the cat eventually wise(p) to press the lever again and again to gain access to the food that was placed outside the cage. Thorndike called this Law of Effect, simply, because the cage-cat illustration showed how the animal acquire ( foreplay-response) through operant conditioning (Thorndike 1911). Reinforcement push aside be all irresponsible or cast out (Miltenberger, 2011). Both have their own merits and demerits. positivist advantage is often considered as more desir sufficient, espec ially, since the negative financial backing can non be sustained for too long and also it has chances of revoking resistance. Positive living through twain primary and secondary methods protagonists win the respect and loyalty of the subject most of the clocks. Sustainable reinforcing stimulus is a mixture of the two types validating and negative. For personal behavioral modification, masses mostly choose to get peremptory stimuli. They do not bid to be hurt or punish in order to achieve a task. Likewise, I also chose the coercive methods and would select that I am assumption appreciation at home, school and/or my engageplace because that exit help me to demonstrate increased productivity, inscription and commitment and it will also reduce the level of stress. These coercive factors of bread and butter whitethorn include improving the work environment, improving timings and/or oblation conveyance services.Introduction appearances are equally important at work as nearly as in our social lives. This is because compulsory behavior is connected to good performance and impact, and, negative behavior is connected to negative impact. During evaluation periods, employers review dogmatic behavior from their employees and they focus on both positive and negative behavioral types when they looking to hire new employees. Behavior is a response that can be reinforced. Reinforcement concept of mental science helps find what reinforces positivebehavior and which activities reinforce negative behavior. There are both positive and negative reinforces and there are benefits and consequences for both behavior type. In the workplace, the Manager is not only required to find the factors that help in reinforcing positive behavior, but, also to assess the comparative success of these factors in different work and home environments as well. A detailed outline of reinforcement literature will assist in effectively modifying the behavior. books ReviewB.F. Ski nner used the reinforcement theory to positively found ahead the mouse to find a way out and get lay off and today, Managers ramp up use of reinforcement theories to motivate employees. Reinforcing positive behavior allows the managers to settle what can be expected from their employee(s). Daymut (2009) says that positive reinforcement helps in homes, schools, propertys and to the highest degree anywhere. Reinforcement is supportive in increase the chances of certain behavioral response. The luck of behavior can be increased by increasing the stimulus to which the individual or employee responds. The primary reinforcers are physical stimuli and the appreciation and non-monetary rewards are the secondary reinforcing agents. Punishment table services as negative reinforcers duration gratitude serves as positive reinforcers.People are inclined to different reinforcing factors based on their personality-type, the affable of environment they were brought up in and the things th at are inculcated into their minds. The pleasure-pain principle suggests that rough people are move better when they find pleasure in doing something, while, others may not indulge into an activity unless they find pain by not doing them. For moral, getting ill due to over-eating and excessive weight gain is a negative reinforcing factor that will help an individual adopt a routine of healthy (adequate) eating choices and light exercising much(prenominal) as walking, etc. Reinforcement works differently in different environments. well-nigh environments are better suitable for the positive reinforcement while the others are better for the negative reinforcement. However, in most of cases the positive reinforcement is considered more effective and useful (DeLeon, Neidert, Anders, and Rodriguez, 2001). The reinforcement of behavior is backed by some needs that can be personal, social or organizational.People even use these strategies for helping people with psychological problem s since they are not able toshow response in normal conditions without induced stimuli. The stimuli in positive method should be such that they can be easily place as required. On the other hand, the negative factors should also not be too critical to result into a rebellious behavior of the subject. The gross examples of positive stimulus or positive reinforcement includes but not limited to offering gifts to children on getting good grades, paying pointless amount for labor foxs that were completed on time and/or increasing the profit of an employee or even promoting him/her. The example of negative reinforcement or negative stimuli includes but not limited to punishing a child for not terminate homework, asking an employee to sit late in office for not meeting sales target, etc. The type of reinforcement should not be selected based on the choices of manager, but, these choices should be made based on the behavior.electronegative reinforcement should not be used unless the p ositive reinforcement factors have failed (Cosgrave, 2007). Positive behavior of an employee is desired not only to make the system efficient, but, also to get the job merely done in the first place. While reinforcing a behavior, the management of a company or the parents at home or the teachers at schools should be confident that the reinforcement agent will be effective in the long term. For example, it is not possible to promote an employee every time he completes a project or give gifts to the successful child every time he passes the exam and/or give the child candy every time he/she finishes his work on time.Secondary stimuli, making the contribution cognise and setting higher and more respectable targets can also serve as reinforcing factors that may be guaranteed in the long run. DeLeon, Neidert, Anders andRodriguez (2001) say that the positive reinforcement is very effective and has found to be helpful especially when positive behavior is to be evoked in the children with autism and other psychological diseases. Tuten et al (2014) say that friendly enforcement techniques are helpful for professionals as well as nonprofessionals. TreatmentB.F. Skinners and many others have found that positive reinforcement is effective in evoking positive psychological behavior. Skinner described positive reinforcement in his mice study and it was a success. My clients (investors) believe in me, place and appreciate me, but, sometimes they try to assign me to tasks that are not related to to my skills, and, I reckon theytend to do this based on their comprehension of my capabilities and behavior. Sometimes, the work pressure is very high because I am given many tasks that are mandatory and need to be completed in a very short time frame and this make me tincture stressed at work because (sometimes) because I work from home-all alone in the State of Georgia and the physical aspects of my job is located in other states (D.C.-Maryland field of operations) and I hav e to rely on others to perform certain assignments in short time-frame. Therefore I suggest how reinforcement can be used in treating issues I face Positive Reinforcement I am requesting that my company provide me with an office space in Maryland-DC area where I can travel to every other month.Also, my working hours should repose the same with some flexibility. Further, my company should allow me to hire a underemployed assistant to help take care of some of the footwork, i.e., post court of law notices on doors, file legal paperwork in the courts, etc. Next, I perform better between the hours of 6am to 330pm and I would like to keep that schedule, if I can have an assistant. Therefore, I believe that if I am afforded the fortune to work during those times that suit me then my performance will be 110% better. Negative Reinforcement The management can announce that my salary will be deducted if I do not work for set number of hours every day. Also they can penalize me if for not completing my projects by its deadline dates which in return can also affect other projects in the company and lead to legal problems and loss of money.The negative reinforcement should be given only once in a while and it should not be introduced unnecessarily. What I wrote above is a good example of what I do as a Property Manager and Ive described it in a way that would benefit me if I worked for an Employer. I am self-employed and my job can be stressful at times, so I hire local contractors in D.C.-Maryland area to help me achieve 20% of my work goals to reduce some of my stress. I think positive reinforcement is not only beneficial towards work-related behavior changes, but I would also suggest that people use positive reinforcement strategies to modify their own personal behavior as well. I would like to suggest that all of us should help others adopt these strategies, too. ConclusionWithout supreme behavior, a person cannot successfully perform the routine tasks of life. It is sometimes not possible for an individual tocontrol his behavior and feel motivated. In such situations, external motivation factors are required that can be either appreciation or consequences for negative behavior. These positive and negative reinforcement factors should be used strategically because there are merits and demerits of each. I will prefer positive reinforcement because this will help me in feeling motivated and engaged. The negative reinforcement is connected to unpleasant feelings of shame and insult that will not be beneficial in the long run. Both individuals and organizations can use a combination of the two methods to get a positive outcome.References1. Miltenberger, R.G., (2011). Behavior Modification Principles and Procedures. 5th Ed. 2. Thorndike, E.L. (1911). Animal Intelligence Experimental Studies. NewYorkMacmillan 3. Cosgrave, G., (2007), Negative Reinforcement, Retrieved from http//www.educateautism.com/behavioural-principles/negative-reinforcement.h tml.U4XAT2dZrIU 4. Daymut, J. A., (2009), Positive Reinforcement A Behavior-Management Strategy, Retrieved from http//www.superduperinc.com/handouts/pdf/238_PositiveReinforcement.pdf 5. DeLeon, I. G., Neidert, P. L., Anders, B. M., Rodriguez, C. V., (2001), Choices between positive and negative reinforcement during treatment for escape-maintained behaviour, Journal of Applied demeanour Analysis, 34(4)521-525 6. Tuten, L. M., Jones, H. E., Schaeffer, C. M., Stitzer, M. L., (2014), Reinforcement-Based Treatment for Substance Use Disorders A Comprehensive Behavioural fire, ISBN 978-1-4338-1024-4